There are many reasons why an older adult might fall, including a variety of biological, behavioral, and environmental factors. These risk factors include:

• A previous fall
• Chronic health conditions (e.g., arthritis, stroke)
• Conditions in the home (e.g., slippery floors, loose rugs, cords on the floor, poor lighting)
• Fear of falling
• Medicines (including interaction effects)
• Mobility problems (e.g., muscle weakness, balance)
• Poor nutrition (leading to weakness, dizziness, fainting)
• Poor vision or hearing

Older adults who have one or more of these conditions may have a higher risk of falling. The following practices are recommended for older adults to reduce their chances of falling and help them stay independent:

• Exercising regularly (especially leg strengthening and improving balance)
• Having an eye doctor check their vision at least once a year
• Making their home environment safer
• Reviewing their medicines with a doctor or pharmacist